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Tolerance for excess basic zinc chloride and basic copper chloride in chicks.

M E Persia1, D H Baker, C M Parsons

  • 1Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.

British Poultry Science
|December 30, 2004
PubMed
Summary
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Toxicity of basic zinc chloride (BZC) and basic copper chloride (BCC) was assessed in chicks. High copper levels depressed weight gain, while zinc toxicity thresholds varied by growth metric.

Area of Science:

  • Animal Nutrition
  • Toxicology
  • Mineral Metabolism

Background:

  • Basic zinc chloride (BZC) and basic copper chloride (BCC) are increasingly used as mineral sources in animal feed.
  • Understanding their toxicity levels is crucial for formulating safe and effective diets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine toxicity estimates for BZC and BCC in chicks.
  • To establish minimal toxic break points for chick weight gain and feed efficiency.

Main Methods:

  • Four chick experiments utilized varying dietary inclusion rates of BZC and BCC.
  • Broken-line regression and regression analyses were employed to identify toxicity thresholds.
  • Factorial designs assessed breed-specific responses to mineral supplementation.

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Main Results:

  • Minimal toxic break points for BZC were 1720 mg Zn/kg (weight gain) and 2115 mg Zn/kg (gain:food).
  • Minimal toxic break points for BCC were 642 mg Cu/kg (weight gain) and 781 mg Cu/kg (gain:food).
  • High copper supplementation depressed chick weight gain, whereas high zinc supplementation did not consistently reduce weight gain.

Conclusions:

  • BCC exhibits toxicity at lower levels than BZC in growing chicks.
  • Dietary copper supplementation can negatively impact chick growth, with breed-specific responses observed.
  • Further research may be needed to refine optimal inclusion rates for BZC and BCC.