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Talker variability and recognition memory: instance-specific and voice-specific effects.

Winston D Goh1

  • 1Department of Social Work & Psychology, National University of Singapore, Singapore. winston_goh@nus.edu.sg

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition
|January 12, 2005
PubMed
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Memory for spoken words is influenced by the voice. Recognition accuracy improved when voices were familiar, suggesting voice-specific details are retained in long-term memory.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Auditory Perception
  • Memory Studies

Background:

  • Recognition memory for spoken words is influenced by various contextual factors.
  • The role of talker voice characteristics in memory retrieval remains an area of active research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of voice context on recognition memory for words.
  • To determine if voice-specific attributes are preserved in long-term memory.

Main Methods:

  • Participants studied words spoken by multiple talkers.
  • Recognition memory was tested using the same, different, or new voices for the studied words.
  • Performance was analyzed based on hits, false alarms, and discrimination accuracy.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Increased hits and false alarms were observed when words were tested with previously studied voices compared to unstudied voices.
  • Enhanced discrimination accuracy was found specifically when the exact same voice was used.
  • A conservative response bias emerged as test voices became less familiar.

Conclusions:

  • Voice-specific attributes of individual talkers are retained in long-term memory.
  • Findings support the role of instance-specific matching and voice familiarity in spoken-word recognition.
  • The study sheds light on the nature of spoken-word representations in memory.