Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 20, 2025
06:48
Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
Published on: June 25, 2019
9.6K
Consistency norms for 37,677 english words.
Qian Wen Chee1, Keng Ji Chow2, Melvin J Yap2
1Department of Psychology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117570, Singapore. psycqw@nus.edu.sg.
Behavior Research Methods
|May 31, 2020
Summary
This study introduces new measures for English word consistency, mapping spelling to sound (feedforward) and sound to spelling (feedback). These norms aid research into word recognition and spelling.
Area of Science:
- Psycholinguistics
- Computational Linguistics
- Lexicography
Background:
- Lexical processing research is hindered by a lack of standardized consistency norms for English.
- Consistency, the relationship between spelling and sound, influences word recognition and spelling.
- Existing norms are insufficient for detailed analysis of consistency effects in English.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop comprehensive feedforward (spelling-to-sound) and feedback (sound-to-spelling) consistency measures for English words.
- To create the largest database of English consistency norms to date.
- To provide researchers with valuable methodological resources for studying lexical processing.
Main Methods:
- Computed feedforward and feedback consistency measures for 37,677 English words.
- Operationalized consistency at composite and sub-syllabic levels (onset, nucleus, coda, oncleus, rime).
- Applied measures to both monosyllabic and multisyllabic words.
Main Results:
- Generated the largest database of English consistency norms.
- Developed detailed measures applicable to various word structures and segments.
- Established a valuable resource for psycholinguistic and cognitive science research.
Conclusions:
- The new consistency measures significantly enhance resources for lexical processing research.
- These norms will facilitate deeper investigation into word recognition and spelling.
- The database provides a foundation for future studies on language consistency and cognition.
Related Concept Videos
00:56Nominal Level of Measurement
36.2K
The way a set of data is measured is called its level of measurement. Correct statistical procedures depend on a researcher being familiar with levels of measurement. Not every statistical operation can be used with every set of data. For analysis, data are classified into four levels of measurement—nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio.
The data that cannot be measured but can be grouped into categories fall under the nominal level of measurement. Data that is measured using a nominal...
The data that cannot be measured but can be grouped into categories fall under the nominal level of measurement. Data that is measured using a nominal...
36.2K
01:12Sign Test for Nominal Data
299
The sign test is a nonparametric method used to evaluate hypotheses about the median of a single sample or to compare the medians of two related samples. The sign test is particularly useful when dealing with nominal data, which includes distinct categories without an inherent order, such as names, labels, and preferences. Nominal data restricts statistical analysis to evaluating population proportions rather than mean or median values that require continuous data.
For example, consider a...
For example, consider a...
299
02:48Expressing Solution Concentration
65.6K
A solute is a component of a solution that is typically present at a much lower concentration than the solvent. Solute concentrations are often described with qualitative terms such as dilute (of relatively low concentration) and concentrated (of relatively high concentration).
Concentrations may be quantitatively assessed using a wide variety of measurement units, each convenient for particular applications. Molarity (M) is a useful concentration unit for many applications in chemistry.
Concentrations may be quantitatively assessed using a wide variety of measurement units, each convenient for particular applications. Molarity (M) is a useful concentration unit for many applications in chemistry.
65.6K
01:24Components of Language
667
Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
667
01:13Range Rule of Thumb to Interpret Standard Deviation
12.8K
The range rule of thumb in statistics helps us calculate a dataset's minimum and maximum values with known standard deviation. This rule is based on the concept that 95% of all values in a dataset lie within two standard deviations from the mean.
For instance, the range rule of thumb can be used to find the tallest and the shortest student in a class, given the mean student height and standard deviation. If the mean student height is 1.6 m and the standard deviation, s is 0.05 m, the height...
For instance, the range rule of thumb can be used to find the tallest and the shortest student in a class, given the mean student height and standard deviation. If the mean student height is 1.6 m and the standard deviation, s is 0.05 m, the height...
12.8K
01:20Kendall's Coefficient of Concordance
856
Kendall's Coefficient of Concordance (W), also known as Kendall's W, is a non-parametric statistical measure used to assess the agreement or concordance between multiple raters or judges when they rank a set of items. It is often used when you have ordinal data (ranks) and you want to see if there is consistency or consensus among the raters. It is widely applied in research areas such as psychology, medicine, and social sciences, where multiple judges are asked to rank or rate subjects...
856