Different serum haemolytic complement levels in indigenous chickens from Benin, Bolivia, Cameroon, India and Tanzania

Titres of classical (CPW) and alternative (APW) complement pathways were measured in clinically healthy local chicken populations (ecotypes) from Africa (Benin, n = 78; Cameroon, n = 299; Tanzania, n = 101), Asia (India, n = 96) and South America (Bolivia, n = 64). A wide variation was found in haemolytic complement levels between the various ecotypes. Distributions of the classical and alternative complement titres were not normal but were skewed to the right. Differences in complement were found both within and between ecotypes. Furthermore, CPW titres of the indigenous chickens were lower than those determined in commercial layer chickens. This suggests that complement levels background and husbandry. The relationships between complement levels, the chicken MHC(B) complex, environmental antigenic pressure, and survival of the scavenging local chickens are discussed.