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Related Experiment Videos

Allergic contact dermatitis in children.

J M Fernández Vozmediano1, J C Armario Hita

  • 1Servicio Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Puerto Real, Universidad de Cádiz, Spain. fdezvozmediano@dermasur.com

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV
|January 15, 2005
PubMed
Summary

In children under 15, thiomersal and mercury are common allergens causing allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). As children age, nickel becomes a more frequent cause of ACD.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pediatric Allergy
  • Contact Dermatitis

Background:

  • Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a common skin condition in children, accounting for 20% of pediatric dermatitis cases.
  • The exact prevalence and incidence of ACD in infants and children remain unknown.
  • ACD presents similarly in both pediatric and adult populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and common allergens associated with allergic contact dermatitis in children.
  • To identify specific allergens linked to ACD in patients aged 15 years or younger.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study was conducted over 10 years.
  • Included patients were 15 years old or younger with suspected ACD.
  • Patch testing was performed following GEIDC standards.

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Main Results:

  • The study analyzed 96 pediatric patients with a mean age of 10.57 years.
  • Eczema most frequently affected diffuse areas (28%) and hands (27%).
  • 52% of patients showed at least one positive allergen response, with thiomersal (21%), mercury (19%), and nickel (18%) being most common.

Conclusions:

  • A significant association was found between younger age (under 15) and positive responses to thiomersal and mercury.
  • Nickel emerges as the primary allergen in older children, replacing mercurials.