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Related Experiment Videos

Allergy and dermatophytes.

Judith A Woodfolk1

  • 1Asthma and Allergic Diseases Center, P.O. Box 801355, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908-1355, USA. jaw4m@virginia.edu

Clinical Microbiology Reviews
|January 18, 2005
PubMed
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Trichophyton fungus causes athlete's foot and nail infections. Its allergens can trigger asthma, but delayed immune responses may offer protection against fungal disease.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Mycology
  • Allergology

Background:

  • Tinea pedis and onychomycosis, caused by Trichophyton, are common fungal infections.
  • Trichophyton allergens are implicated in immediate-hypersensitivity (IH) responses and asthma.
  • A dual role of Trichophyton allergens in fungal pathogenesis and allergic disease is suggested by their enzyme family similarities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the immunologic properties of Trichophyton allergens.
  • To understand the immune mechanisms driving dichotomous hypersensitivity responses.
  • To explore the link between Trichophyton infections, allergic responses, and asthma.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibody-mediated immediate-hypersensitivity (IH) responses.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessment of bronchial reactivity to Trichophyton in asthma patients.
  • Evaluation of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses.
  • Identification of DTH-associated T-cell epitopes.

    • Main Results:

    • Trichophyton allergens elicit both IH and DTH responses.
    • Bronchial reactivity to Trichophyton suggests its role in asthma for some patients.
    • Systemic antifungal treatment improved asthma symptoms, supporting the link.
    • DTH responses are associated with protection against chronic skin infection, unlike IH responses.

    Conclusions:

    • Trichophyton allergens have a dual role in fungal infections and allergic diseases.
    • Understanding dichotomous immune responses is key to managing dermatophyte-allergy relationships.
    • Targeting DTH-associated epitopes may lead to vaccines for infection eradication and allergy symptom resolution.