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Fever without apparent source on clinical examination.

Paul McCarthy1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. paul.mccarthy@yale.edu

Current Opinion in Pediatrics
|January 22, 2005
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Recent literature reviews focus on childhood fever, including invasive pneumococcal disease epidemiology and the impact of vaccination. Studies also highlight serious bacterial infections in infants with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and diagnoses for prolonged fevers.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Childhood febrile illnesses, both acute and prolonged, require comprehensive understanding.
  • Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and serious bacterial infections (SBIs) in infants are significant concerns.
  • Geographic variations in prolonged fever diagnoses necessitate localized clinical insights.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent literature on the epidemiology, evaluation, and treatment of acute and prolonged febrile illnesses in children.
  • To synthesize findings on invasive pneumococcal disease, its epidemiology, and the impact of conjugate pneumococcal vaccination.
  • To examine the occurrence of serious bacterial infections in febrile infants with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and the spectrum of diagnoses for prolonged fever.

Main Methods:

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  • Literature review of studies published during the review period.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data on invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) pre- and post-vaccination.
  • Synthesis of clinical and laboratory findings for febrile infants with RSV and prolonged fever cases.

Main Results:

  • Vaccination with conjugated pneumococcal vaccine has decreased invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in the US, though non-vaccine serotypes show a slight increase.
  • Urinary tract infections are common in febrile infants with RSV, with bacteremia noted in neonates (<28 days).
  • Diverse diagnoses and key clinical findings for prolonged fever are presented from international studies (Turkey, Thailand, Italy).

Conclusions:

  • Conjugated pneumococcal vaccine significantly impacts invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) epidemiology.
  • RSV infection in febrile infants is associated with a high incidence of urinary tract infections.
  • Understanding the broad spectrum of prolonged fever diagnoses is crucial for pediatric care globally.