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New data on the involvement of ectodermal epithelium in extrathymic differentiation of human T-lymphocytes

Z S Khlystova1, I I Kalinina, S P Shmeleva

  • 1Laboratory of Embryonal Histogenesis, Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow.

Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine
|January 22, 2005
PubMed

Thymalin accumulates only in young cells of the skin ectodermal epithelium and mucosa of the anterior portions of the digestive and respiratory systems. After appearance of keratin the cells no longer accumulate thymalin. Similarly as in the thymus, thymalin content in the ectodermal epithelium of the organs is subjected to age-associated involution.

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The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular cells,...