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Melasma: a review.

Frank C Victor1, Jeremy Gelber, Babar Rao

  • 1Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.

Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery
|February 3, 2005
PubMed
Summary
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Melasma, a common skin disorder, is linked to sun exposure and involves increased melanin. Its exact cause remains unknown, and effective treatments are challenging, necessitating further research.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pathogenesis of skin conditions

Background:

  • Melasma is a prevalent hyperpigmentation disorder.
  • Understanding its triggers and mechanisms is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the etiologic factors, classification, pathogenesis, and treatment of melasma.
  • To synthesize current knowledge on melasma for clinical application.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of articles pertaining to melasma.
  • Analysis of existing data on disease characteristics and therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

  • Sun exposure is a primary etiologic factor for melasma.
  • Histological findings include increased melanin, melanocytes, and melanosomes.

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  • Current treatments involve depigmenting agents, chemical peels, lasers, and dermabrasion.
  • Conclusions:

    • Melasma pathogenesis is not fully elucidated.
    • Treatment of melasma presents significant challenges.
    • Further randomized controlled trials are needed to compare therapies and explore combination treatments.