Biological response to chopped-carbon-fiber-reinforced peek

Polymer composites are being recognized as important implant materials for fracture fixation plates. The use of a composite material is dependent upon the mechanical properties of the material and its biocompatibility. The primary objective of this project was to evaluate 30% chopped-carbon-fiber-reinforced poly(etheretherketone) (CFRPEEK) as a potential material for use as a fracture fixation plate. A two-phase study was conducted. The first phase analyzed the short-term biocompatibility of CFRPEEK through rabbit muscle implant testing. CFRPEEK exhibited a nonspecific foreign body tissue reaction similar to the response observed with ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). In the second phase, four-hole CFRPEEK plates were implanted as internal fixation devices for transverse midshaft femoral osteotomies in beagles. The plates were effective in promoting fracture healing. A nonspecific foreign body reaction was observed to the plates and to particulate debris.