Grape seed proanthocyanidins extract promotes bone formation in rat's mandibular condyle

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Sciences
• Nutritional Science
• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Background:

• Low-calcium diets can induce mandibular condyle bone debility.
• Dietary interventions are crucial for bone health, particularly in the craniofacial region.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the efficacy of grape seed proanthocyanidins extract (GSPE) supplementation in reversing diet-induced mandibular condyle bone debility.
• To compare the effects of a high-calcium diet with and without GSPE against control and low-calcium diets.

Main Methods:

• Forty Wistar male rats were divided into four groups: control, low-calcium (LC), low-calcium/high-calcium (LCH), and LCH with GSPE (LCHG).
• Diets were administered for 6 weeks, and mandibular condyle bone formation was assessed using peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT).
• Body weight was monitored weekly; no significant differences were observed among groups.

Main Results:

• The LCHG group demonstrated significantly higher cortical bone density, total and cortical bone cross-sectional area, and bone mineral content compared to the LCH group.
• Total bone density, total bone mineral content, and stress-strain index were also significantly improved in the LCHG group versus the LCH group.
• No significant differences in body weight were noted across the four experimental groups.

Conclusions:

• A high-calcium diet supplemented with GSPE is more effective in reversing mandibular condyle bone debility than a high-calcium diet alone.
• GSPE supplementation, in conjunction with adequate calcium intake, shows promise for enhancing bone structural integrity in the mandibular condyle.
• This study highlights the potential of GSPE as a therapeutic agent for bone health in the context of nutritional deficiencies.