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Renovascular hypertension.

¹Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Command Hospital, Pune 411 040, India. madhurikanitkar@rediffmail.com

Indian Pediatrics

|February 8, 2005

Summary

Renovascular hypertension, caused by kidney blood flow blockages, affects 3-10% of children with severe hypertension. Early diagnosis and treatment of renovascular lesions are crucial for managing this correctable condition.

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Area of Science:

Pediatric Nephrology
Cardiovascular Medicine
Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

Renovascular hypertension stems from lesions impairing renal blood flow, affecting 3-10% of pediatric hypertension cases.
It is the second leading cause of correctable hypertension in children, after coarctation of the aorta.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the importance of systematic evaluation for identifying children with renovascular hypertension.
To discuss diagnostic investigations and therapeutic options for renovascular hypertension in children.

Main Methods:

Review of diagnostic modalities for renovascular hypertension, including invasive (renal arteriography) and non-invasive techniques (Doppler ultrasonography, CT/MR angiography).
Discussion of therapeutic interventions such as angioplasty, stenting, and surgical revascularization.

Main Results:

Renovascular lesions are found in a significant percentage of children evaluated for severe hypertension.
Non-invasive imaging techniques offer alternatives to invasive procedures like renal arteriography.

Conclusions:

Systematic evaluation aids pediatricians in selecting children likely to have renovascular hypertension, minimizing exposure to invasive diagnostics.
Available therapeutic options justify the diagnostic workup for renovascular hypertension, with interventions including angioplasty, stenting, and surgery.

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