Palmoplantar keratodermas
Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 19, 2026

Generation and Culturing of Primary Human Keratinocytes from Adult Skin
Published on: December 22, 2017
Peter H Itin1, Susanna K Fistarol
1Department of Dermatology, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland. peter.itin@unibas.ch
Abstract:
The palmoplantar skin is a highly specialized tissue which is able to resist mechanical trauma and other physical stress. In recent years the more descriptive classification of keratodermas has switched to an exact molecular genetic view where gene functions are considered. Palmoplantar keratodermas can be separated in the following functional subgroups: disturbed gene fuctions in structural proteins (keratins), cornified envelope (loricrin, transglutaminase), cohesion (plakophilin, desmoplakin, desmoglein1), cell-to-cell communication (connexins), and transmembrane signal transduction (cathepsin C). This review intends to emphasize the typical clinical aspects and symptom complexes associated with palmoplantar keratodermas which enable the astute dermatologist to make a clinical diagnosis. In addition the molecular genetic knowledge on the topic is given which is necessary to confirm the clinical diagnosis.
Related Concept Videos
Papillary Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
Papillary Layer
The papillary layer is made of loose, areolar connective tissue, which means the collagen and...
Cells of the Epidermis
The cells in all these layers except the stratum basale are called keratinocytes, a type of cell that manufactures and stores the protein keratin. The keratinocytes in the stratum corneum are dead and regularly slough away, being replaced by cells from...
Desmosomes
Skin Cancer
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Reticular Dermis
Reticular Layer
Underlying the papillary layer is the much thicker reticular layer, composed of dense, irregular connective...
Skin Diseases and Disorders
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
