Radical prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer in a liver transplant recipient

The increasing length of survival of organ transplant recipients necessitates careful attention to the potential neoplastic complications of life-long immunosuppressive therapy. Due to the rarity of prostate cancer after liver transplantation there are no guidelines for its management. In our case, prostate biopsy revealed prostate cancer in a 59-year-old man after an uncomplicated 5-year post-transplant course. After meticulous lymph node dissection, we performed radical retropubic prostatectomy. The postoperative period was uneventful and the prostate-specific antigen value 18 months after surgery was <0.1 ng/ml. We believe that radical retropubic prostatectomy is technically feasible in patients after liver transplantation and should be offered as a treatment option for every patient with good graft function.