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Cytochrome P450 gene polymorphisms and risk of low birth weight

Dafang Chen1, Yonghua Hu, Fan Yang

  • 1Department of Medical Genetics, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China. dafangchen@bjmu.edu.cn

Genetic Epidemiology
|February 16, 2005
PubMed

Insights

Genetic variations in cytochrome P450 genes (CYP1A1) are linked to low birth weight. Both infant and maternal CYP1A1MspI C/C6235 genotypes increased the risk of low birth weight in a Chinese population.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacogenetics
  • Human Genetics
  • Birth Outcomes Research

Background:

  • Cytochrome P450 enzymes play crucial roles in metabolizing environmental and endogenous compounds.
  • Genetic polymorphisms in CYP450 genes, including CYP1A1 and CYP2E1, can influence individual susceptibility to various health conditions.
  • Low birth weight is a significant predictor of infant mortality and morbidity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between specific polymorphisms in cytochrome P450 genes (CYP1A1MspI, CYP1A1HincII, and CYP2E1) and the risk of low birth weight.
  • To examine the independent and joint effects of infant and maternal genotypes on low birth weight.
  • To explore the role of genetic variability in cytochrome P450 in the etiology of low birth weight.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study was conducted using infant-parent triads (248 normal birth weight, 248 low birth weight) in Anqing, China.
  • Genotyping for CYP1A1MspI, CYP1A1HincII, and CYP2E1 polymorphisms was performed using standard molecular techniques.
  • Log-linear modeling was employed to analyze the association between gene polymorphisms and the risk of low birth weight.

Main Results:

  • Infant CYP1A1MspI C/C6235 genotype was associated with a 1.92-fold increased risk of low birth weight compared to the CYP1A1 MspI T/T6235 genotype (p=0.034).
  • Maternal CYP1A1MspI C/C6235 genotype was associated with a 1.68-fold increased risk of low birth weight compared to the maternal CYP1A1MspI T/T6235 genotype (p=0.029).
  • No significant joint effect was observed between infant and maternal CYP1A1MspI genotypes.

Conclusions:

  • Both infant and maternal CYP1A1MspI C/C6235 genotypes are independently associated with an increased risk of low birth weight.
  • Genetic variability in cytochrome P450, specifically CYP1A1, may contribute to the etiology of low birth weight.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms underlying this association.

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