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Neisseria sicca endocarditis with embolic phenomena.

J R Vernaleo¹, A Mathew, D J Cleri

¹Department of Medicine, Catholic Medical Center of Brooklyn and Queens, Inc., Jamaica, NY 11432.

Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease

|February 1, 1992

Summary

Neisseria sicca endocarditis can occur in patients with poor oral hygiene, sometimes following intravenous drug abuse or dental surgery. Prompt diagnosis is crucial for patients experiencing emboli when this bacterium is detected in blood cultures.

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Area of Science:

Cardiology
Infectious Diseases
Microbiology

Background:

Endocarditis is an infection of the heart's inner lining, often affecting heart valves.
Poor oral hygiene is a known risk factor for certain types of infective endocarditis.
Neisseria species, typically commensals, can occasionally cause invasive infections.

Observation:

Two cases of infective endocarditis caused by Neisseria sicca are presented.
Patient 1 had a history of intravenous drug abuse and prior Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis.
Patient 2 developed endocarditis subsequent to a periodontal surgical procedure.

Findings:

Both patients presented with significant embolic phenomena, indicating widespread dissemination of infection.
Both cases required prolonged treatment with intravenous antibiotics, lasting six weeks or longer.

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Neisseria sicca was isolated from blood cultures in both individuals.

Implications:

The findings highlight the importance of considering Neisseria sicca as a potential pathogen in endocarditis, particularly in at-risk individuals.
Early recognition and diagnosis are critical for effective management and to prevent severe complications like emboli.
This underscores the link between oral health, invasive procedures, and the potential for bloodstream infections leading to endocarditis.