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Updated: Aug 19, 2026

The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress
Published on: July 4, 2013
Two types of aggression are differentially related to serotonergic activity and the A779C TPH polymorphism
1Center for Psychobiology and Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychology, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany. juergen.hennig@psychol.uni-giessen.de
Abstract:
The authors investigated whether different types of aggression relate to the A779C tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) polymorphism and to serotonergic activity in volunteers. A factor analysis of the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory yielded 2 factors representing Neurotic Hostility (NH) and Aggressive Hostility (AH). The authors used a neuroendocrine challenge with Citalopram in 48 volunteers and increased cortisol concentrations only in those with high levels of AH. Finally, an association study with 58 volunteers revealed that the A779C TPH polymorphism significantly relates to AH, with the highest aggression levels for the genotype AA and the lowest aggression levels for the genotype CC, but not to NH. Results are discussed with respect to inconsistent findings in the literature, which may be explained by this distinction of types of aggression.
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