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Related Experiment Videos

Thyroid hormone transporters.

Edith C H Friesema1, Jurgen Jansen, Carmelina Milici

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Dr Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Vitamins and Hormones
|February 25, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) is a key thyroid hormone transporter crucial for brain development. Mutations in MCT8 cause severe psychomotor retardation and elevated thyroid hormone levels in boys.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Thyroid hormone is vital for nervous system development.
  • Cellular uptake of thyroid hormones is necessary for their function.
  • Specific transporters facilitate thyroid hormone entry into cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize novel thyroid hormone transporters.
  • To investigate the role of monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) in thyroid hormone transport.
  • To explore the clinical implications of MCT8 mutations.

Main Methods:

  • Functional expression studies using Xenopus laevis oocytes.
  • Characterization of monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) and TAT1 (MCT10).
  • Analysis of patient data with MCT8 mutations.

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Main Results:

  • MCT8 identified as a highly active and specific thyroid hormone transporter, predominantly expressed in the liver and brain.
  • MCT8 shares amino acid identity with TAT1, but TAT1 does not transport iodothyronines.
  • Mutations in MCT8 are linked to X-linked psychomotor retardation and elevated serum T(3) levels in boys.

Conclusions:

  • MCT8 is a critical transporter for thyroid hormone uptake, particularly in the brain.
  • Defects in MCT8 function lead to severe neurological and hormonal abnormalities.
  • Understanding MCT8's role is essential for diagnosing and potentially treating related disorders.