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Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Adenoviral Transduction of Naive CD4 T Cells to Study Treg Differentiation
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Vitamin E and gene expression in immune cells.

Sung Nim Han1, Oskar Adolfsson, Cheol-Koo Lee

  • 1Nutritional Immunology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA. sungnim.han@tufts.edu

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|March 9, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Aging impairs T cell function, but vitamin E supplementation may help. This study explored how aging and vitamin E affect T cell gene expression, revealing impacts on cell cycle regulation and immune signaling pathways.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Gerontology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Aging leads to immune cell dysfunction, particularly affecting T cells.
  • Vitamin E is known to enhance T cell function, potentially through direct effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying aging- and vitamin E-induced changes in T cell function.
  • To analyze the gene expression profiles of T cells from young and old mice supplemented with vitamin E.

Main Methods:

  • Gene expression profiling using microarray analysis on T cells from C57BL mice.
  • Mice were fed diets with control (30 ppm) or high (500 ppm) vitamin E for 4 weeks.
  • T cells were isolated and analyzed for significant gene expression changes (fold change > 2, P < 0.05).

Main Results:

  • Aging significantly altered genes involved in signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, and apoptosis in T cells.
  • Vitamin E supplementation significantly impacted genes related to cell cycle regulation in T cells.
  • Specific gene expression patterns were identified for aging and vitamin E effects.

Conclusions:

  • Aging profoundly affects T cell gene expression, impacting critical immune functions.
  • Vitamin E influences T cell function by modulating cell cycle-associated genes.
  • Understanding these molecular changes can inform strategies to mitigate age-related immune decline.