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Updated: Aug 19, 2026

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
Published on: June 16, 2014
Traditional and nontraditional cardiovascular risk factors in chronic kidney disease
Panagiotis T Vlagopoulos1, Mark J Sarnak
1Division of Nephrology, Tufts-New England Medical Center, Box 391, 750 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
Insights
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) significantly increases cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Aggressively managing modifiable risk factors in CKD patients is crucial, with more research needed to find effective treatments.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Cardiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects millions in the US, posing a significant public health challenge.
- CKD patients represent a high-risk group for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD).
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight major modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in patients with chronic kidney disease.
- To emphasize the need for aggressive management of these risk factors.
Main Methods:
- This article reviews existing literature and clinical guidelines.
- Focuses on identifying and discussing key cardiovascular risk factors pertinent to CKD.
Main Results:
- CKD is strongly associated with increased CVD risk.
- Traditional and nontraditional risk factors require aggressive management in CKD patients.
Conclusions:
- Effective management of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors is essential for CKD patients.
- Further randomized controlled trials are urgently needed to identify optimal treatments for this high-risk population.
Abstract:
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is public health problem, with as many as 20 million individuals affected in the United States. Patients with CKD should be considered in the highest-risk group for development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and aggressive treatment of traditional and nontraditional risk factors should be instituted. Additional randomized controlled trials are urgently needed to evaluate potential treatments in this population. This article focuses attention on the major modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in CKD.
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