Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 19, 2026
An Affordable HIV-1 Drug Resistance Monitoring Method for Resource Limited Settings
Published on: March 30, 2014
[Study of resistance using the TRUGENE HIV-1 genotyping system and analysis of agreement between rule-based
María Carmen Nogales1, María Carmen Serrano, Samuel Bernal
1Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla, Spain. mariac.nogales.sspa@juntadeandalucia.es
Introduction:
This study attempts to describe the results obtained in the HIV resistance study performed with clinical samples obtained from patients receiving "HAART" therapy and to compare the results using different interpretation algorithms.
Methods:
397 samples have been analysed (TRUGENE HIV-1 GENOTYPING kit). The results were interpreted with the algorithms Visible Genetics and Retrogram. The concordance interalgorithm was done for 105 of these samples, including the virtual phenotype interpretation.
Results:
The samples corresponded to multi regimen failure (39%), first and second failure (30.7% and 27.1% respectively). A 27.6% of the samples were wild type. The more frequent mutations to the ITIAN were T215Y/F (37.2%) and M184V (32.9%) following by other NAMS. The 69 insertion and Q151M complex had low representativity. For the ITINN K103N (25.8%), Y181C (11.2%) and G190A (10.9%). For the IP: key mutations L90M (26.1%), M46I (18.1%) and V82AFTS (12.9%); and accessory mutations L63P (50.5%), A71V (27.2%), L10I (25.2%) and M36I (19.2%). Low correlation was observed between interpretation systems, mainly for ITIAN and IP, being the virtual phenotype more flexible in the assignation of resistance.
Conclusions:
The requests for HIV resistance testing were similar for the three groups of patients. Many of the failures were the consequence of a poor adherence to the therapy. The mutation pattern found corresponded with the "TARGA" therapy. The low correlation found between interpretation systems, makes necessary the elaboration of a consensus algorithm.
