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Population disparities in asthma.

Diane R Gold1, Rosalind Wright

  • 1Harvard Medical School, Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02467, USA. diane.gold@channing.harvard.edu

Annual Review of Public Health
|March 12, 2005
PubMed
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Asthma prevalence is high in the U.S., especially in urban areas, with disparities linked to hygiene, diet, pollution, and socioeconomic factors. Understanding these environmental influences is key to addressing childhood asthma burdens.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Asthma is a leading chronic childhood disease in the U.S., with higher prevalence globally.
  • Significant socioeconomic and ethnic disparities exist in U.S. asthma prevalence and morbidity.
  • Urban, disadvantaged communities bear a disproportionate burden of asthma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review hypotheses explaining international disparities in asthma prevalence.
  • To examine socioeconomic and ethnic disparities in U.S. asthma.
  • To discuss environmental and community factors contributing to asthma disparities.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on asthma prevalence and disparities.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to between-country prevalence differences (hygiene, diet, pollution, smoking).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of environmental influences on U.S. asthma disparities (housing, indoor exposures, air pollution, healthcare access).

    • Main Results:

    • The 'hygiene hypothesis' and factors like family size, infections, and microbial exposures are explored for international differences.
    • U.S. disparities are linked to housing conditions, indoor allergens, traffic pollution, and unequal access to care.
    • Environmental factors influencing somatic growth (low birth weight, obesity) are relevant to asthma disparities.

    Conclusions:

    • Environmental exposures and socioeconomic factors significantly contribute to asthma prevalence and disparities in the U.S.
    • The hygiene hypothesis offers insights into asthma development, particularly in urban settings.
    • Addressing community-level factors is crucial for mitigating asthma disparities.