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Nitric oxide-producing polyurethanes.

Ho-Wook Jun¹, Lakeshia J Taite, Jennifer L West

¹Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, P.O. Box 1892, MS 142, Houston, Texas 77251-1892, USA.

Biomacromolecules

|March 15, 2005

Summary

This study developed a nitric oxide (NO)-releasing polyurethane to prevent blood clot formation and intimal hyperplasia in vascular grafts. The new material shows promise for improving small-diameter synthetic vascular graft survival.

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Polymer Chemistry
Vascular Biology

Background:

Small-diameter synthetic vascular graft failure is primarily caused by thrombus formation and intimal hyperplasia.
Improving the thromboresistance and biocompatibility of synthetic vascular grafts is crucial for clinical success.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel polyurethane material capable of releasing nitric oxide (NO) to enhance thromboresistance.
To evaluate the NO-releasing properties, mechanical suitability, and biological effects of the modified polyurethane for vascular graft applications.

Main Methods:

Incorporation of a diazeniumdiolate-modified NO-producing peptide into a polyurethane polymer.
Assessment of NO release under physiological conditions over time.
Evaluation of mechanical properties for vascular graft suitability.
In vitro testing of platelet adhesion, endothelial cell proliferation, and smooth muscle cell proliferation.

Main Results:

The NO-releasing polyurethane demonstrated NO production for approximately 2 months under physiological conditions.
Mechanical properties were found to be suitable for vascular graft applications.
Significantly reduced platelet adhesion was observed on the NO-releasing polyurethane compared to controls.
Endothelial cell growth was stimulated, while smooth muscle cell growth was inhibited by the NO-releasing material.

Conclusions:

The developed NO-generating polyurethane exhibits excellent thromboresistance by inhibiting platelet adhesion.
The material promotes endothelialization and inhibits smooth muscle cell proliferation, addressing key failure mechanisms of vascular grafts.
This NO-releasing polyurethane is a promising candidate material for the development of improved small-diameter vascular grafts.

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