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Substance use disorders in individuals with body dysmorphic disorder
Jon E Grant1, William Menard, Maria E Pagano
1Butler Hospital and the Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown Medical School, Providence, RI 02906, USA. Jon_Grant@brown.edu
The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
|March 16, 2005
Summary
Substance use disorders (SUDs) are common in body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). While SUDs did not significantly alter functioning, individuals with BDD and SUDs had more suicide attempts.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Clinical Psychology
- Addiction Medicine
Background:
- Limited knowledge exists regarding substance use disorders (SUDs) in individuals diagnosed with body dysmorphic disorder (BDD).
- Previous research has explored SUD comorbidity in BDD, but clinical correlates remain unexamined.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence and clinical correlates of comorbid SUDs in individuals with BDD.
- To compare clinical characteristics between BDD subjects with and without SUDs.
Main Methods:
- 176 subjects with DSM-IV BDD were assessed for lifetime and current SUDs using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV.
- BDD severity, delusionality, quality of life, and social/occupational functioning were evaluated using standardized scales.
- Data were collected between January 2001 and June 2003.
Main Results:
- Nearly half (48.9%) of BDD subjects had a lifetime SUD, with alcohol dependence being most common.
- 17% of subjects had current substance abuse or dependence.
- Subjects with a lifetime SUD reported BDD contributing to their SUD (68%) and had a significantly higher rate of suicide attempts.
Conclusions:
- SUDs are highly prevalent in individuals with BDD.
- Comorbid SUDs did not appear to significantly alter most examined clinical domains in BDD.
- The high rate of suicide attempts in BDD subjects with SUDs warrants further attention.