[The joker function of glucose in the development of main non-communicable human diseases]

Glucose is one of the basic components of the internal milieu; it fulfills two principal functions: an endocrine one (the ability to induce insulin secretion) and another function, consisting in DNA-damaging associated with forming of reactive oxygen species. The joker glucose function, determined by individual balance between the mentioned functions, can be an important modifier of human pathology and, at the same time, a target for correcting measures implying the combination of insulin-sensitizing and antigenotoxic measures. The "glucose problem" and the "estrogenic problem" show some resemblance; the latter is based on the shifting of estrogen effects in the direction of genotoxicity domination in the course of aging and under the influence of some exogenic/environmental agents. Thus, both problems should be taken into account when discussing mechanisms of appearance of main non-communicable human diseases and the measures for their prevention.