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Mealtimes as active processes in long-term care facilities.
Amie J Gibbs-Ward1, Heather H Keller
1Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Summary
Mealtimes in long-term care are complex, influenced by environment and individual needs. Optimal resident experiences require individualized, interdisciplinary care strategies for better nutritional outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Nutritional Science
- Healthcare Management
Background:
- Mealtimes are critical for nutritional care in long-term care facilities.
- Limited Canadian research exists on interdisciplinary mealtime practices.
- Understanding resident experiences is crucial for improving care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the mealtime experiences of residents with dementia.
- To examine the meal-related care provided by interdisciplinary teams.
- To develop a theory guiding mealtime practices in long-term care.
Main Methods:
- Grounded theory approach utilized.
- Data collected through mealtime observations and key informant interviews.
- 20 residents with dementia and care providers (nurses, aides, dietitians) participated.
Main Results:
- Mealtime is a unique process influenced by the facility environment.
- Residents' actions (eating, socializing, etc.) are central to the mealtime process.
- Internal and external factors significantly affect residents' mealtime behaviors.
Conclusions:
- Optimal mealtime experiences necessitate individualized care.
- Interdisciplinary, multi-level interventions are essential for enhancing resident well-being.
- The developed theory provides a framework for improving mealtime practices.