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Related Concept Videos

Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
Disorders of Erythrocytes01:27

Disorders of Erythrocytes

Disorders of erythrocytes, or red blood cells (RBCs), include a range of conditions affecting their number, shape, or function.
Erythrocyte disorders can be broadly categorized into two main types: anemic and polycythemic conditions.
A low oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood due to the loss, lower production, or destruction of erythrocytes is termed anemia. Hemorrhagic anemia, for example, occurs when bleeding from an external wound or internal ulcer reduces erythrocyte counts.
On the other...
Rh Blood Group01:19

Rh Blood Group

The Rhesus (Rh) antigen is crucial in determining blood groups and ensuring compatibility during blood transfusions.
Fetal Circulation01:14

Fetal Circulation

Fetal circulation is a unique system that facilitates the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products between the developing fetus and the mother. This intricate process takes place through a special organ called the placenta.
Two umbilical arteries transport blood from the fetus to the placenta. At the placenta, the blood absorbs oxygen and nutrients while simultaneously eliminating waste products. This oxygen-enriched and nutrient-rich blood then returns to the fetus through one...
Factors Affecting Erythropoiesis01:24

Factors Affecting Erythropoiesis

The cardiovascular system regulates the number of erythrocytes in the bloodstream to ensure optimal oxygen transport. It also prevents over-proliferation of these cells, which helps to maintain blood viscosity and flow rate.
Several factors influence the erythrocyte production rate, with tissue oxygen level being among the most critical. Intense exercise or high altitudes can cause tissue hypoxia, which triggers the kidneys to release more erythropoietin (EPO) into the bloodstream.
EPO then...
Vitamins01:30

Vitamins

Vitamins, derived from the Latin word for life, are essential organic substances required in small quantities for optimal growth and overall well-being. Unlike other organic nutrients, vitamins don't act as sources of energy or building materials but rather facilitate these nutrients' utilization by the body. Vitamins are predominantly coenzymes, assisting enzymes in specific chemical actions, like the oxidation of glucose for energy involving B vitamins. Most vitamins are not produced in our...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 24, 2026

Quantitating Iron Transport Across the Mouse Placenta In Vivo Using Nonradioactive Iron Isotopes
08:45

Quantitating Iron Transport Across the Mouse Placenta In Vivo Using Nonradioactive Iron Isotopes

Published on: May 10, 2022

Anemia in pregnancy.

M D Williams1, M S Wheby

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville.

The Medical Clinics of North America
|May 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Diagnosing and treating anemia in pregnancy is crucial for maternal and infant health. Common causes include iron and folate deficiencies, necessitating careful evaluation due to physiological changes during pregnancy.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Hematology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Background:

  • Anemia in pregnancy presents diagnostic challenges due to physiological hematological changes.
  • Increased nutritional demands during pregnancy heighten risks for common anemias.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline essential diagnostic steps for anemia in pregnant women.
  • To identify common and less common etiologies of anemia during pregnancy.
  • To emphasize the importance of diagnosing and treating anemia for optimal pregnancy outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive history and physical examination.
  • Complete blood count with indices and blood smear.
  • Further testing including ferritin and folate levels based on initial findings.

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A Point-of-Care Method with Integrated Decision Support Tool to Estimate Anemia at Population Level
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A Point-of-Care Method with Integrated Decision Support Tool to Estimate Anemia at Population Level

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Modifying Levels of Maternal Dietary Folic Acid or Choline to Study the Impact of Deficiencies on Offspring Health Outcomes
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Modifying Levels of Maternal Dietary Folic Acid or Choline to Study the Impact of Deficiencies on Offspring Health Outcomes

Published on: June 28, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 24, 2026

Quantitating Iron Transport Across the Mouse Placenta In Vivo Using Nonradioactive Iron Isotopes
08:45

Quantitating Iron Transport Across the Mouse Placenta In Vivo Using Nonradioactive Iron Isotopes

Published on: May 10, 2022

A Point-of-Care Method with Integrated Decision Support Tool to Estimate Anemia at Population Level
05:35

A Point-of-Care Method with Integrated Decision Support Tool to Estimate Anemia at Population Level

Published on: January 19, 2024

Modifying Levels of Maternal Dietary Folic Acid or Choline to Study the Impact of Deficiencies on Offspring Health Outcomes
03:19

Modifying Levels of Maternal Dietary Folic Acid or Choline to Study the Impact of Deficiencies on Offspring Health Outcomes

Published on: June 28, 2024

Main Results:

  • Iron deficiency anemia and folate deficiency megaloblastic anemia are most prevalent.
  • Less common causes include aplastic anemia, hemolytic anemia, and sickle cell disease.
  • Both severe and less severe anemia are linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis and timely treatment of anemia are vital for maternal and fetal well-being.
  • Addressing nutritional deficiencies and providing supplements are key preventive strategies.
  • Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms linking anemia to poor pregnancy outcomes.