Root surface temperature rises in vitro during root canal obturation using hybrid and microseal techniques

Area of Science:

• Endodontics
• Dental Materials Science
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Root canal obturation techniques aim to create a hermetic seal.
• Excessive heat generation during obturation can compromise surrounding periodontal tissues.
• Evaluating temperature changes is crucial for assessing the safety of endodontic procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the temperature rise on root surfaces during obturation using the hybrid technique versus the Microseal technique.
• To determine if either technique generates temperatures exceeding critical thresholds for tissue damage.

Main Methods:

• An in vitro study using 20 human premolars.
• Teeth were randomly assigned to either the hybrid technique (thermomechanical compaction with Engine Plugger and lateral condensation) or the Microseal technique.
• Root canal obturation was performed twice per tooth, with temperature changes measured using a thermal imaging camera on the mesial root surface.

Main Results:

• The hybrid technique resulted in a mean temperature increase of 23.8°C.
• The Microseal technique produced a significantly lower mean temperature increase of 5.5°C (p = 0.000001).
• The temperature rise from Microseal was below the critical level for tissue damage.

Conclusions:

• The hybrid technique generates a substantial temperature rise, posing a risk of periodontal tissue damage.
• The Microseal technique is associated with minimal temperature elevation, suggesting it is a safer method for root canal filling.
• Further clinical studies are warranted to validate these findings in vivo.