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Dyslipidemic hypertension: distinctive features and cardiovascular risk in a prospective population-based study

Altan Onat1, Gülay Hergenç, Ibrahim Sari

  • 1Turkish Society of Cardiology, Biology Department, Nisbetiye cad. 37/24 Etiler, 80630 Istanbul, Turkey. tkd@tkd.org.tr

American Journal of Hypertension
|March 31, 2005
PubMed

Insights

Dyslipidemic hypertension (DH), affecting 1 in 6 adults, significantly increases cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk compared to simple hypertension. DH patients face nearly half the CVD risk attributed to metabolic syndrome.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Investigated cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence, features, and risk in dyslipidemic hypertension (DH).
  • Defined DH using blood pressure, triglycerides, and HDL-cholesterol per National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines.
  • Distinguished DH from simple hypertensives (SH) based on these criteria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the CVD risk associated with dyslipidemic hypertension (DH).
  • To characterize the features of DH.
  • To compare CVD risk in DH versus simple hypertensives (SH) and metabolic syndrome.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective population-based study of 2225 adults free of CVD at baseline.
  • Follow-up for a mean of 4.1 years, recording fatal and nonfatal CVD events.
  • Defined DH, SH, and normotensive groups; assessed metabolic syndrome prevalence.

Main Results:

  • DH individuals exhibited higher BMI, apolipoprotein B, fasting insulin, glucose, and C-reactive protein than SH.
  • Cox regression revealed a 1.57-fold higher hazard ratio (HR) for CVD in DH versus SH, adjusted for key factors.
  • DH showed a 1.45-fold higher adjusted HR for CVD compared to other subjects with metabolic syndrome.

Conclusions:

  • Dyslipidemic hypertension (DH), prevalent in 16% of adults, presents distinct features and elevated CVD risk.
  • DH confers a higher CVD risk than simple hypertension (SH).
  • DH carries approximately half the attributable cardiovascular risk associated with metabolic syndrome.
Abstract

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