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Resistive exercise training in cardiac patients. Recommendations.
D Verrill1, E Shoup, G McElveen
1Noninvasive Cardiac Laboratory, Mecklenburg Cardiovascular Consultants, P.A., Charlotte, North Carolina.
Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)
|March 1, 1992
Summary
Resistive exercise training offers significant benefits for cardiopulmonary rehabilitation, enhancing muscular strength and daily function in cardiac patients with minimal risk. This training improves strength, body composition, and self-confidence, aiding recovery and return to activities.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Exercise Physiology
- Rehabilitation Medicine
Background:
- Resistive exercise training (RET) is increasingly incorporated into cardiopulmonary rehabilitation.
- Muscular strength improvement is crucial for functional recovery post-cardiac event.
- RET is hemodynamically safe for select cardiac patients, even at high workloads.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the benefits and risks of resistive exercise training in cardiopulmonary rehabilitation.
- To explore the impact of RET on muscular strength, endurance, and cardiovascular health in cardiac populations.
- To provide guidance on screening, implementation, and monitoring of RET for patients with cardiovascular impairment.
Main Methods:
- Clinical screening and symptom-limited maximal graded exercise testing prior to training.
- Utilizing various resistive modalities (free weights, machines, elastics) for major muscle groups.
- Determining workloads via gradual acclimatization or 1 repetition maximum (1RM) testing.
- Monitoring heart rate, blood pressure, rate-pressure product, and perceived exertion during exercise.
Main Results:
- RET may enhance muscular strength, endurance, body composition, blood lipids, and cardiovascular endurance.
- Circuit weight-training improves strength, lean body mass, self-efficacy, and may reduce coronary artery disease risk factors.
- Nonsustained isometric or combined exercises are suitable for cardiac patients, addressing vocational demands.
Conclusions:
- Resistive exercise training demonstrates considerable benefits and minimal risk for patients with cardiovascular impairment.
- RET enables patients to perform daily strength tasks more safely, efficiently, and with increased self-confidence.
- Further research is warranted to fully elucidate the long-term effects of RET in cardiac populations.