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Coded excitation for diagnostic ultrasound: a system developer's perspective.
1GE Medical Systems, 4855 W. Electric Ave., Milwaukee, WI 53219, USA.
Summary
Coded excitation in ultrasound imaging enhances signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), improving image quality by overcoming the traditional resolution-penetration tradeoff. This technology, now emerging in commercial scanners, addresses practical implementation challenges in diagnostic ultrasound.
Area of Science:
- Medical imaging
- Ultrasound technology
- Signal processing
Background:
- Clinical image quality relies on resolution and penetration.
- Conventional ultrasound faces a resolution-penetration tradeoff due to short pulses.
- Coded excitation offers a method to improve signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the practical implementation of coded excitation in diagnostic ultrasound.
- To analyze the impact of coded excitation on the resolution-penetration tradeoff.
- To evaluate different coding techniques and their clinical applications.
Main Methods:
- Review of biphase and chirp coding basics.
- Simulation of tradeoffs under frequency-dependent attenuation, dynamic focusing, and nonlinear propagation.
- Comparison of chirp and Golay code performance.
- Presentation of clinical images from B-mode, harmonic, and flow imaging.
Main Results:
- Coded excitation extends the achievable bounds of the resolution-penetration tradeoff.
- Simulation quantifies performance under various ultrasound conditions.
- Chirp and Golay codes show distinct characteristics regarding image quality and system needs.
- Clinical images demonstrate successful applications in various ultrasound modalities.
Conclusions:
- Coded excitation is a viable technique for enhancing ultrasound image quality.
- Addressing implementation challenges is key to its successful adoption in diagnostic ultrasound.
- This technology offers significant potential for advancing B-mode, harmonic, and flow imaging.