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Overview of analytical methods for elemental speciation.

J C Van Loon¹, R R Barefoot

¹Department of Geology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

|March 1, 1992

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This review highlights key advances in elemental speciation analysis from 1986-1990. New analytical methods, particularly coupled separation techniques like chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, show significant growth and improved accuracy.

Area of Science:

Analytical Chemistry
Environmental Science
Biochemistry

Background:

Elemental speciation analysis has seen significant methodological development.
Growing interest in accuracy, precision, and inter-method comparisons is evident.
Applications span environmental, biological, clinical, and geological sample matrices.

Purpose of the Study:

To review major developments in analytical methodology for elemental speciation.
To highlight key methods and their applications.
To discuss advancements in elemental speciation techniques between 1986 and 1990.

Main Methods:

Focus on electrochemical methods, specifically anodic stripping voltammetry for labile metals.
Emphasis on the coupling of separation techniques (e.g., chromatography) with element-specific detectors.

Related Experiment Videos

Development and application of interfaces for coupled analytical systems.

Main Results:

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry emerged as a highly sensitive multi-element detector.
Significant progress in developing and validating new and modified analytical methods.
Chemical extraction procedures remain a crucial component of speciation analysis.

Conclusions:

The period 1986-1990 witnessed substantial innovation in elemental speciation analytical methods.
Coupled separation-detector systems, especially with ICP-MS, represent a major advancement.
Continued focus on method validation and diverse applications underscores the field's importance.