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[Posttraumatic headache. Pathophysiology, clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects]
A M Pascual-Lozano1, A Salvador-Aliaga, J M Láinez-Andrés
1Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Clínico, Universitario de Valencia, Av. Vicente Blasco Ibanez 17, 46010 Valencia, Spain. med004201@saludalia.com
Neurologia (Barcelona, Spain)
|April 9, 2005
Summary
Posttraumatic headache (PTHA) often accompanies mild traumatic brain injury and can mimic other headache types. Understanding PTHA pathophysiology and risk factors is crucial for effective management and diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Pain Medicine
- Trauma Research
Context:
- Posttraumatic headache (PTHA) is a common sequela of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) or whiplash injuries.
- Its etiology is debated, with theories including neural damage and psychological factors.
- PTHA presents diagnostic challenges due to its resemblance to tension-type, migraine, or cervicogenic headaches.
Purpose:
- To review current research on the pathophysiology of PTHA.
- To identify recognized risk factors associated with poor outcomes in PTHA.
- To discuss updated diagnostic criteria for PTHA and headache attributed to whiplash, including the IHS Classification 2004.
Summary:
- PTHA pathogenesis remains unclear but may involve shared pathways with primary headaches.
- Post-whiplash headache is typically characterized by neck-to-forehead radiation, moderate intensity, and a prolonged course.
- The review covers pathophysiology, risk factors, management recommendations, and diagnostic criteria.
Impact:
- Improved understanding of PTHA pathophysiology can lead to targeted treatments.
- Identification of risk factors aids in predicting prognosis and tailoring interventions.
- Adoption of new diagnostic criteria enhances accurate diagnosis and classification of PTHA.