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Updated: Aug 9, 2026

Co-culture of Living Microbiome with Microengineered Human Intestinal Villi in a Gut-on-a-Chip Microfluidic Device
Published on: August 30, 2016
Gut microorganisms, mammalian metabolism and personalized health care
Jeremy K Nicholson1, Elaine Holmes, Ian D Wilson
1Biomedical Sciences Division, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, UK. j.nicholson@imperial.ac.uk
Abstract:
The mammalian gut microbiota interact extensively with the host through metabolic exchange and co-metabolism of substrates. Such metabolome-metabolome interactions are poorly understood, but might be implicated in the aetiology of many human diseases. In this paper, we assess the importance of the gut microbiota in influencing the disposition, fate and toxicity of drugs in the host, and conclude that appropriate consideration of individual human gut microbial activities will be a necessary part of future personalized health-care paradigms.
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