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Related Experiment Videos

Cognitive change in ALS: a prospective study.

S Abrahams1, P N Leigh, L H Goldstein

  • 1Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, UK.

Neurology
|April 13, 2005
PubMed
Summary
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Cognitive impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) progresses slowly. Early signs include verbal fluency deficits, indicating executive dysfunction, with language functions potentially declining later in the disease course.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting motor neurons.
  • Cognitive impairment is increasingly recognized in ALS, even in non-demented patients.
  • Understanding the longitudinal cognitive profile in early-stage ALS is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To longitudinally investigate the cognitive impairment profile in non-demented patients with ALS.
  • To assess changes in executive, memory, language, and visuospatial functions over a 6-month period.
  • To evaluate everyday behavior and emotional changes in ALS patients compared to controls.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal study involving 20 non-demented ALS patients and 18 controls.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Two assessment time points separated by a 6-month interval.
  • An extensive cognitive battery adapted for physical disability, including measures of executive function, memory, language, visuospatial skills, behavior, and emotion.

    • Main Results:

    • ALS patients showed slower word retrieval over time, unlike controls.
    • Impaired verbal fluency (spoken and written) was observed in ALS patients at both time points.
    • Carers noted increased awareness of cognitive dysfunction in ALS patients, who also exhibited more depressive symptoms and emotional lability.

    Conclusions:

    • Cognitive deterioration in non-demented ALS patients is a slow process.
    • Early selective cognitive impairment, particularly verbal fluency deficits (executive dysfunction), is evident in ALS.
    • Language functions may become compromised as the disease progresses.