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Cognitive processes in saccade generation.

C Kennard1, S K Mannan, P Nachev

  • 1Department of Visual Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Charing Cross Campus, St. Dunstan's Road, London, W6 8RP, UK. c.kennard@imperial.ac.uk

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|April 14, 2005
PubMed
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Patients with visuospatial neglect exhibit abnormal saccades, often re-fixating rightward targets due to lesions in the right intraparietal sulcus or inferior frontal lobe. The supplementary eye field (SEF) is crucial for self-control of saccadic eye movements and set-switching.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Saccades, rapid eye movements, provide insights into cognitive processes like attention and memory.
  • Visuospatial neglect, often resulting from brain lesions, impairs awareness of one side of space.
  • The role of the supplementary eye field (SEF) in eye movement control is debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between saccade abnormalities and specific brain lesions in visuospatial neglect.
  • To elucidate the function of the supplementary eye field (SEF) in saccade generation and conflict resolution.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of saccade patterns in patients with visuospatial hemineglect during a visual search task.
  • High-resolution structural brain imaging (MRI) to identify lesion locations.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in healthy subjects to study SEF activation.

    • Main Results:

    • Patients with neglect showed repeated target fixations and impaired memory of previously visited locations, linked to right intraparietal sulcus or inferior frontal lobe lesions.
    • Right intraparietal sulcus lesions correlated with impaired spatial remapping or memory of target locations.
    • Right inferior frontal lobe lesions were associated with a failure to inhibit rightward saccades.
    • A patient with a right SEF lesion demonstrated impaired self-control of saccades and set-switching, not error monitoring.
    • fMRI confirmed SEF involvement in resolving volitional conflict during saccade tasks.

    Conclusions:

    • Lesions in the right intraparietal sulcus or inferior frontal lobe explain specific saccade abnormalities in visuospatial neglect.
    • The supplementary eye field (SEF) plays a critical role in the self-control and rapid adaptation of saccadic eye movements, particularly in resolving response conflict.