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The Orbitrap: a new mass spectrometer.

Qizhi Hu1, Robert J Noll, Hongyan Li

  • 1Purdue University, Chemistry Department, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.

Journal of Mass Spectrometry : JMS
|April 20, 2005
PubMed
Summary
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A novel Orbitrap mass analyzer offers high performance with modest power and size requirements for proteomics and metabolomics. This instrument achieves high mass resolution and accuracy, enabling detailed molecular characterization.

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Instrument Development

Background:

  • Growing demand for high-performance, compact, and cost-effective mass spectrometers in fields like proteomics and metabolomics.
  • Limitations of existing mass spectrometry technologies in meeting these combined requirements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and describe the Orbitrap, a new type of mass analyzer.
  • To detail the design and performance of a complete Orbitrap-based mass spectrometer system.
  • To showcase the capabilities and applications of the Orbitrap for complex molecular analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Radial ion trapping within a central spindle and outer barrel electrode.
  • Measurement of mass/charge ratio from axial harmonic ion oscillation frequencies.

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  • Non-destructive ion frequency measurement via image current transients and Fast Fourier Transforms (FFTs).
  • Electrospray ionization (ESI) coupled with a multi-stage differential pumping system and ion accumulation quadrupole.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved high mass resolution (up to 150,000) and high mass accuracy (2-5 ppm).
    • Demonstrated a wide mass/charge range (≥6000) and dynamic range (>10^3).
    • Successfully applied to characterize transition-metal complexes, oligosaccharides, peptides, and proteins.
    • Utilized for metacluster identification and H/D exchange experiments.

    Conclusions:

    • The Orbitrap represents a significant advancement in mass spectrometry, offering high performance in a compact and potentially cost-effective package.
    • Its capabilities are well-suited for demanding applications in chemical and biological research.
    • The instrument's design enables precise and sensitive molecular analysis, expanding research possibilities.