A segmented form of foot-and-mouth disease virus interferes with standard virus: a link between interference and

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Dissecting Host-virus Interaction in Lytic Replication of a Model Herpesvirus
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Dissecting Host-virus Interaction in Lytic Replication of a Model Herpesvirus

Published on: October 7, 2011

Juan García-Arriaza1, Esteban Domingo, Cristina Escarmís

  • 1Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.

Virology
|April 21, 2005
PubMed

Insights

Defective foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) particles hinder standard FMDV replication, with greater interference observed against less fit viruses. This suggests competition mechanisms influence viral interference and defective RNA dominance.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Serial passage of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) in BHK-21 cells at high multiplicity of infection leads to the emergence of defective particles.
  • These defective FMDV particles contain defective RNAs and are infectious via complementation without standard viral RNA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interference of defective FMDV particles with the replication of standard FMDV.
  • To determine if the degree of interference correlates with the relative fitness of the standard FMDV mutants.

Main Methods:

  • Coinfection experiments involving defective FMDV and standard FMDV mutants with varying relative fitness (up to 151-fold difference).
  • Quantification of viral replication and interference effects in BHK-21 cells.

Main Results:

  • Defective FMDV particles were shown to interfere with the replication of cognate standard FMDV.
  • The degree of interference was significantly higher for low-fitness standard FMDV mutants compared to high-fitness mutants.
  • These findings suggest an overlap between intracellular competition mechanisms driving viral interference and fitness differences.

Conclusions:

  • Viral interference by defective FMDV particles may play a role in maintaining the dominance of defective RNAs over the standard FMDV genome.
  • Intracellular competition mechanisms are crucial in understanding viral interference and the evolution of viral genomes.

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