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Updated: Aug 18, 2026
Facial Nerve Surgery in the Rat Model to Study Axonal Inhibition and Regeneration
Published on: May 5, 2020
Microsurgical repair of the facial nerve
1Department of Neurological Sciences, Section of Neurosurgery, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy. jafca2@hotmail.com
Objective:
To report a series of 18 patients who underwent microsurgical repair of the facial nerve using different techniques and to discuss the indications and results of facial reinnervation procedures.
Methods:
Eighteen patients with post-surgical facial palsy underwent facial reinnervation using different techniques.'These included classic hypoglossal-facial anastomosis in 13 cases, one-stage hemihypoglossal-intratemporal facial nerve anastomosis and translabyrinthine removal of residual intra-canalar acoustic schwannoma in 3, hemihypoglossal-facial nerve anastomosis in one, and neurotization of facial muscles through a nerve graft in one.
Results:
The facial muscle function improved in all patients, up to grade III in 7 cases (39 %), grade IV in 9 (50 %) and grade V in 2 (11 %). The tongue atrophy was minimal in 70.5 %, moderate in 17.5 % and severe in 12 %. The outcome was better in younger patients (less than 40 years of age) and in those with a lesser grade of preoperative facial impairment.
Conclusions:
The classic hypoglossal-facial anastomosis is the technique of choice in most cases. The use of the intratemporal facial nerve is indicated when removal of an intra-canalar residual schwannoma must also be performed. The neurotization of the facial muscles through a nerve graft may be used when there is no distal trunk of the facial nerve available for the anastomosis.
