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Updated: Aug 8, 2026

New Tools to Expand Regulatory T Cells from HIV-1-infected Individuals
Published on: May 30, 2013
T-cell activation and memory phenotypes in cerebrospinal fluid during HIV infection
Jutta K Neuenburg1, Tracey A Cho, Annelie Nilsson
1Department of Neurology, San Francisco General Hospital, General Clinical Research Center at the University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA. juttan@itsa.ucsf.edu
Abstract:
We characterized T cell phenotypes in 74 paired blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of HIV-infected and uninfected persons using four-color flow cytometry. CD4+ and CD8+ T cells subsets were further characterized by identifying activated/resting and memory/naive subsets in CSF and blood using the markers CD38/HLA-DR and CD45RA/CD62L, respectively. With and without HIV-infection, the proportion of CD4+ T cells and memory T cells among T cells in CSF was higher compared to blood. In HIV-infection, activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in CSF were more abundant than in uninfected controls. As expected, combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduced T cell activation in CSF and blood.
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