[Osteoporosis]

An exact diagnostic classification in primary or secondary osteoporosis may have therapeutic consequences. This review thus covers clinical, biochemical, radiological and bioptic diagnostic procedures. The most effective prophylactic measures, i.e. physical exercise, nutrition rich in calcium and estrogen-gestagen substitution, are spotlighted. Finally, various current therapeutic modalities are critically discussed, namely calcium supplements, the osteoclast inhibitors, calcitonin and bisphosphonates, as well as the osteoblast stimulators, anabolic steroids and fluorides.