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Anatomy of pilon fractures of the distal tibia

C J Topliss1, M Jackson, R M Atkins

  • 1University Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK. toplisscj@doctors.org.uk

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume
|April 28, 2005
PubMed

Insights

This study classifies pilon fractures into ten types based on anatomical fragments, revealing two main fracture families: sagittal and coronal. Fracture patterns depend on injury energy, force direction, and patient age.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Traumatology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Pilon fractures are complex lower extremity injuries.
  • Accurate classification is crucial for treatment planning and outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe anatomically explicable fragments in pilon fractures.
  • To establish a new classification system for pilon fractures.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 126 consecutive pilon fracture cases.
  • Detailed description of fracture lines and fragment patterns.
  • Categorization of fractures into distinct types and families.

Main Results:

  • Identified ten distinct types of pilon fractures.
  • Classified these types into two main families: sagittal and coronal.
  • Determined that injury energy, force direction, and patient age influence fracture type.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed classification system provides a detailed anatomical understanding of pilon fractures.
  • This classification aids in predicting fracture patterns based on injury mechanisms.
  • Understanding these factors is essential for effective management of pilon fractures.

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