Towards creation of a unified view of the neurodevelopment of the infant
1Division of Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Kennedy Krieger Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA. lipkin@kennedykrieger.org
Insights
Neurodevelopmental assessments evaluate fetal and infant development, aiding in understanding outcomes from medical interventions. However, gaps remain in linking early assessments to later findings and a unified infant examination method is needed.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Neurology
- Developmental Neuroscience
Background:
- Twentieth-century advancements have yielded numerous neurodevelopmental assessments for neonates and infants.
- These assessments are crucial for evaluating infant integrity and outcomes of prenatal/neonatal medical care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the link between early neurodevelopmental assessments and traditional neurologic/psychiatric examinations.
- To discuss the maturation of key developmental functions and responses.
Main Methods:
- Review of established neurodevelopmental assessment models.
- Exploration of the relationship between early functional development and later neurologic/psychiatric findings.
Main Results:
- Neurodevelopmental assessments have expanded understanding of movement, attention, oromotor skills, and behavior.
- The connection between early assessments and later outcomes requires further investigation.
Conclusions:
- Gaps persist in understanding the long-term predictive value of early neurodevelopmental assessments.
- A standardized, unified approach to infant neurodevelopmental examination is currently lacking.
Abstract:
During the twentieth century, study of the neurologic development of the fetus and infant has resulted in multiple neurodevelopmental assessments. They have been used both for determination of the integrity of the neonate as well as for assessment of the child's outcome from prenatal and neonatal medical interventions. These models of assessment have broadened our view and understanding of the development of functions such as movement, posture, attention, oromotor skills, and behavior. The link between these areas and the traditional areas of neurologic and psychiatric examination of older children and adults is explored through discussion of the maturation of movement, cranial nerve function, sensory, cognitive, and behavioral responses. Gaps in knowledge remain about the relationship between early neurodevelopmental assessments and later findings. A single unified means of examining the infant is also lacking.
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