Stimulative effects of cadmium on bone resorption in neonatal parietal bone resorption

Effects of cadmium on bone resorption were investigated using neonatal mouse parietal bone culture system. Cadmium at 0.5 microM and above stimulated hydroxyproline release as well as 45Ca release. As cadmium-stimulated bone resorption was inhibited by calcitonin, bone resorption induced by cadmium is osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. CI-1, collagenase inhibitor, depressed cadmium-stimulated bone resorption in a dose-dependent manner. Osteoblasts are also involved in cadmium-induced bone resorption. Indomethacin-inhibited cadmium-stimulated bone resorption and cadmium-treated bones released prostaglandin E2 to a greater extent than untreated bones. Cadmium-stimulated bone resorption was shown to be dependent on the production of prostaglandin E2. 3-Isobutyl-1-methylxanthine potentiated cadmium-stimulated bone resorption and verapamil depressed it. It is possible that an increase in levels of cAMP and calcium ion in bone cells is involved in cadmium-induced bone resorption. From these results, cadmium was found to stimulate osteoclast-mediated bone resorption which is dependent on prostaglandin E2. Second messengers in cadmium-induced bone resorption may be cAMP and calcium ion.