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Skin metabolism in transdermal therapeutic systems
T Hikima1, K Tojo, H I Maibach
1Department of Dermatology, University of California, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA 94143-0989, USA. hikima@itsa.ucsf.edu
Skin Pharmacology and Physiology
|May 24, 2005
Summary
Understanding skin metabolism is key for safe transdermal drug delivery. This review examines how chemical enhancers, drug properties, and physical methods impact skin
Area of Science:
- Dermatology and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Biochemistry and Skin Physiology
Background:
- Skin possesses dual protective barriers: the physical stratum corneum and biochemical epidermal/dermal layers.
- Transdermal therapeutic systems utilize chemical and physical enhancers, some of which may cause skin irritation or affect enzyme activity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the impact of various factors on skin metabolism in the context of transdermal drug delivery.
- To highlight the importance of understanding enzymatic skin reactions for developing safe and effective transdermal systems.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies investigating chemical enhancers, drug structure, and physical enhancement techniques.
- Analysis of enzymatic skin reactions and their modulation by external factors.
Main Results:
- Chemical enhancers and additives can alter skin metabolism and enzyme activity.
- Drug structure influences its interaction with skin metabolic pathways.
- Physical enhancement methods also affect skin's biochemical environment.
Conclusions:
- Knowledge of skin metabolism is crucial for optimizing transdermal system safety and efficacy.
- Consideration of chemical, structural, and physical factors is essential for successful transdermal drug development for both topical and systemic treatments.