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Intracellular compartmentation in planctomycetes.

John A Fuerst1

  • 1School of Molecular and Microbial Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia. j.fuerst@mailbox.uq.edu.au

Annual Review of Microbiology
|May 25, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Planctomycetes bacteria possess unique internal membrane compartments, offering insights into complex cell organization and the evolution of cellular structures. Gemmata obscuriglobus shows a nucleus-like body, highlighting diverse bacterial cell biology.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Cell Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Planctomycetes are bacteria known for budding and lacking peptidoglycan.
  • They exhibit unique intracellular membrane-bound compartments.
  • This internal compartmentalization is crucial for understanding complex cell organization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the significance of intracellular membrane compartmentation in Planctomycetes.
  • To investigate the functional and evolutionary implications of these cellular structures.
  • To highlight Gemmata obscuriglobus as a model for studying nuclear-like bodies.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of Planctomycetes cell structures.
  • Microscopy and biochemical studies of compartment-specific functions.

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  • Phylogenetic analysis to understand the evolution of compartmentation.

    • Main Results:

    • Planctomycetes possess diverse membrane-bound compartments, including a nucleoid-containing compartment.
    • Gemmata obscuriglobus features a double-membraned nuclear body, analogous to eukaryotic nuclei.
    • Anammox planctomycetes utilize specialized compartments (anammoxosomes) with unique lipids for anaerobic ammonium oxidation.

    Conclusions:

    • Planctomycete intracellular compartmentation plays vital physiological roles and provides insights into the evolution of cellular complexity.
    • The presence of a nuclear body in Gemmata obscuriglobus suggests convergent evolution with eukaryotic nuclei.
    • Similar compartmentation structures are found in other bacterial phyla, like Poribacteria, indicating broader evolutionary significance.