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Related Experiment Videos

A database search for hammerhead ribozyme motifs.

S Gräf1, R Przybilski, G Steger

  • 1Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.

Biochemical Society Transactions
|May 27, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Hammerhead ribozymes, small catalytic RNAs, were discovered in hundreds of new organisms. Their activity in plants depends on specific structural interactions for self-cleavage.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Hammerhead ribozymes are the smallest known naturally occurring RNA endonucleases.
  • Found in subviral plant pathogens and satellite DNA transcripts.
  • Structural requirements for efficient cleavage under physiological magnesium ion concentrations were recently defined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To perform a database search for novel hammerhead ribozyme examples.
  • To analyze hammerhead ribozymes from Arabidopsis thaliana.
  • To investigate the activity and regulation of hammerhead ribozymes.

Main Methods:

  • Database searching for catalytic RNA motifs.
  • Analysis of hammerhead ribozymes from Arabidopsis thaliana.
  • Mutational analysis to assess the role of loop-loop interactions.

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Main Results:

  • Several hundred novel hammerhead ribozyme motifs were identified across all kingdoms of life.
  • Arabidopsis thaliana hammerhead ribozymes are tissue-specifically expressed.
  • Self-cleavage of hammerhead ribozymes occurs in planta.
  • Activity is dependent on functional loop-loop interactions under physiological magnesium concentrations.

Conclusions:

  • The hammerhead ribozyme is more widespread than previously thought.
  • Hammerhead ribozyme activity in plants is regulated by structural features and environmental conditions.
  • Functional loop-loop interactions are critical for hammerhead ribozyme activity.