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From "prehypertension" to hypertension? Additional evidence

C R Winegarden1

  • 1Department of Economics, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA. cwinega@buckeye-express.com

Annals of Epidemiology
|June 1, 2005
PubMed

Insights

Prehypertension, defined as blood pressure between 120-139/80-89 mmHg, significantly increases the risk of developing hypertension. Younger individuals with "high normal" prehypertension face the greatest risk.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Recent U.S. guidelines established new blood pressure categories, including

Purpose of the Study:

  • To empirically assess how well prehypertension predicts the early transition to hypertension.
  • To investigate the predictive value of newly defined blood pressure categories.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized longitudinal data from two British Health and Lifestyle Surveys (7 years apart).
  • Analyzed a subsample of 2048 normotensive men and women at baseline.
  • Employed binomial regression to estimate relative risks (RR) for hypertension, dividing prehypertension into "normal" (120-129/80-85 mmHg) and "high normal" (130-139/85-89 mmHg) subcategories.

Main Results:

  • Individuals in the "normal" prehypertension subcategory had an RR of 2.0 (CI, 1.6, 2.6) for developing hypertension.
  • Those in the "high normal" prehypertension subcategory showed a higher RR of 2.9 (CI, 2.3, 3.7).
  • The highest risks were observed in "high normal" individuals aged 35 to 44 years.

Conclusions:

  • Findings support the predictive role of prehypertension for future hypertension, particularly in younger adults.
  • The study provides more conservative estimates compared to Framingham-based predictions.
  • The results underscore the importance of lifestyle modifications and monitoring for individuals in prehypertensive states.
Abstract

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