Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Vision

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex.

Anatomy of the Eyeball

Anatomy of the Eyeball

The eye is a spherical, hollow structure composed of three tissue layers. The outer layer — the fibrous tunic, comprises the sclera — a white structure — and the cornea, which is transparent. The sclera encompasses some of the ocular surface, most of which is not visible. However, the 'white of the eye' is distinctively visible in humans compared to other species. The cornea, a clear covering at the front of the eye, enables light penetration. The eye's middle layer, the vascular tunic,...

Neuroplasticity

Neuroplasticity

Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.

Visual System

Visual System

Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

betaselectr: Selective (and Proper) Standardization in Structural Equation Models.

Multivariate behavioral research·2026

Same author

Spatial remapping improves reading with simulated central field loss.

Journal of vision·2026

Same author

Assessment of newly designed fonts for visual accessibility.

PloS one·2026

Same author

Sleep-Related Attentional Bias in Insomnia: A Drift Diffusion Model Approach.

Journal of sleep research·2026

Same author

Excess mortality and life-years lost in older adults with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders: A 6-year follow-up case-control study.

International psychogeriatrics·2026

Same author

Screening Questions to Identify Low Vision and Acuity-Defined Legal Blindness.

Investigative ophthalmology & visual science·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Vision Training Methods for Sports Concussion Mitigation and Management

Vision Training Methods for Sports Concussion Mitigation and Management

Published on: May 5, 2015

Functional and cortical adaptations to central vision loss.

Sing-Hang Cheung¹, Gordon E Legge

¹Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. sing@umn.edu

Visual Neuroscience

|June 7, 2005

Summary

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) can cause central vision loss, leading patients to develop an eccentric preferred retinal locus (PRL). This review explores potential visual cortex reorganization in AMD patients and its relation to PRL adoption.

More Related Videos

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) of the Visual Cortex with Wide-View Retinotopic Stimulation

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) of the Visual Cortex with Wide-View Retinotopic Stimulation

Published on: December 8, 2023

A Gaze-Contingent Display Framework for Perceptual Learning Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

A Gaze-Contingent Display Framework for Perceptual Learning Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Published on: April 11, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Vision Training Methods for Sports Concussion Mitigation and Management

Vision Training Methods for Sports Concussion Mitigation and Management

Published on: May 5, 2015

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) of the Visual Cortex with Wide-View Retinotopic Stimulation

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) of the Visual Cortex with Wide-View Retinotopic Stimulation

Published on: December 8, 2023

A Gaze-Contingent Display Framework for Perceptual Learning Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

A Gaze-Contingent Display Framework for Perceptual Learning Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Published on: April 11, 2025

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Ophthalmology
Visual Science

Background:

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) affects the retina, causing central vision loss in individuals over 80.
Central scotoma in AMD often leads to the adoption of an eccentric preferred retinal locus (PRL) for visual fixation.
Experimental studies in animals suggest cortical reorganization following induced scotomata, but this remains unconfirmed in human AMD patients.

Purpose of the Study:

To review clinical and neuroscience findings regarding visual adaptation in AMD patients.
To investigate potential reorganization in the primary visual cortex (V1) of AMD patients.
To explore the relationship between PRL adoption and changes in V1 retinotopic mapping.

Main Methods:

Utilizing advanced scanning laser ophthalmoscopy for visual function assessment in AMD patients.
Employing human brain-imaging techniques to study retinotopic mapping.
Synthesizing findings from clinical ophthalmology and neuroscience research.

Main Results:

AMD leads to vision loss and often necessitates the use of a PRL.
The potential for cortical reorganization in V1 of AMD patients is an open question.
The link between PRL use and V1 retinotopic map alterations requires further investigation.

Conclusions:

Recent technological advancements facilitate the study of visual adaptation in AMD.
Interdisciplinary collaboration between visual function assessment and brain imaging specialists is crucial.
Understanding cortical plasticity in AMD may aid in patient rehabilitation strategies.