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Related Experiment Videos

Oxygen availability limits renal NADPH-dependent superoxide production.

Yifan Chen1, Pritmohinder S Gill, William J Welch

  • 1Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Georgetown Univ., 4000 Reservoir Rd NW, Bldg. D-395, Washington, DC 20057, USA.

American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology
|June 9, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Renal oxygen levels limit superoxide anion (O(2)(-)*) production by NADPH oxidase in the kidney. This finding is relevant for understanding oxidative stress in hypertension and normal kidney function.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Physiology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Renal oxygen tension is lower in the medulla than cortex and decreases in hypertension.
  • NADPH oxidase, a key source of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)*), is upregulated in hypertensive kidneys.
  • Molecular oxygen (O(2)) is essential for O(2)(-)* formation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the hypothesis that renal NADPH oxidase activity is limited by low oxygen availability.
  • To investigate the impact of varying oxygen levels on O(2)(-)* production in kidney tissues and cells.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed O(2)(-)* production using lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence.
  • Utilized rat kidney homogenates and cultured kidney cells (proximal tubule, vascular smooth muscle, cardiomyocytes, inner medulla collecting duct).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Exposed samples to controlled oxygen partial pressures (Po(2)) mimicking renal conditions.

    • Main Results:

    • NADPH-dependent O(2)(-)* production decreased by 60-90% with reduced O(2) from 10% to 0%.
    • Production was significantly reduced below approximately 30 mmHg Po(2).
    • This oxygen dependency was consistent in normotensive and hypertensive rats, and across various cell types.

    Conclusions:

    • Superoxide anion (O(2)(-)*) production by NADPH oxidase is dependent on oxygen availability.
    • O(2)(-)* generation is likely limited in the normal renal medulla and in hypertensive kidneys due to low oxygen levels.